MIS 581 Week 8 Final Exam

Questions List

01. Question: (TCO A) Describe the agile approach to a systems development.	View Answer
02. Question: (TCO B) One of the difficult decisions a systems analyst has to make when it comes to software is whether to recommend making, buying, or outsourcing software for information systems projects. What are the advantages of purchasing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software? What are the disadvantages of this approach?	View Answer
03. Question: (TCO C) Describe a situation in which JAD would be ideal.	View Answer
04. Question: (TCOs G and H) List and describe the four major guidelines an analyst should use to set up training for a new system.	View Answer
05. Question: (TCOs G and H) What are seven essential items that the analyst should include in performing a website traffic analysis?	View Answer
06. Question: (TCO F) When should check boxes be used in a form? When should option buttons be used?	View Answer
07. Question: (TCO D) List three of the five advantages of a logical data flow diagram.	View Answer
08. Question: (TCO D) What are the four advantages of using a data flow approach over narrative explanations of data movement?	View Answer
09. Question: (TCO E) What is denormalization?	View Answer
10. Question: (TCO A) List and describe the three primary roles of the systems analyst.	View Answer
11. Question: (TCOs G and H) In terms of disaster recovery, what are the seven elements that need to be considered during and after a disaster?	View Answer
12. Question: (TCO F) List four of the six basic pricing options for an app.	View Answer
13. Question: (TCO F) List five of the seven design guidelines for a web-based fill-in form.	View Answer
14. Question: (TCO A) List and describe four of the seven phases of the systems development life cycle.	View Answer
15. Question: Why is it usually more advantageous to a company to buy a commercial software product than to attempt to produce one in-house or through outsourcing.	View Answer
16. Question: Describe why traditional engineering methodologies, like waterfall, do not work for software development.	View Answer
17. Question: List five of the eight ways to minimize user action when keying in data.	View Answer
18. Question: (TCO D) Why are structural records used?	View Answer
19. Question: (TCO D) Describe some of the technical differences between relational and non-relational databases.	View Answer

Question

(TCO A) Describe the agile approach to a systems development.

The agile approach is a software development approach based on values, principles, and core practices. The four values are communication, simplicity, feedback, and courage. We recommend that systems analysts adopt these values in all projects they undertake, not just when adopting the agile approach. Agile approach are interactive and incremental, activities and behaviors shape the way development team members and customers act during the development of an agile project. Agile approach have five stages: exploration, planning, iterations to the first release, productionizing, and maintenance. There is a continuous feedback loop involving customers within these stages, the red arrows is shown leaving the maintenance stage and returning to the planning stage and the development team as they agree to alter the evolving system. During exploration, you will explore your environment, asserting your conviction that the problem can and should be approached with agile development, assemble the team, and assess team member skills. This stage will take anywhere from a few weeks (if you already know your team members and technology) to a few months (if everything is new). The next stage of the agile development process is called planning. In contrast to the first stage, planning may take only a few days to accomplish. In this stage you and your customers agree on a date anywhere from two months to half a year from the current date to deliver solutions to their most pressing business problems (you will be addressing the smallest, most valuable set of stories). If your exploration activities were sufficient, this stage should be very short. The third stage in the agile development process is composed of iterations to the first release. Typically these are iterations (cycles of testing, feedback, and change) of about three weeks in duration. You will be pushing yourself to sketch out the entire architecture of the system, even though it is just in outline or skeletal form. Several activities occur during the productionizing phase. In this phase the feedback cycle speeds up so that rather than receiving feedback for an iteration every three weeks, software revisions are being turned around in one week. You may institute daily briefings so everyone knows what everyone else is doing. Maintenance stages is when a system has been released, it needs to be kept running smoothly. New features may be added, riskier customer suggestions may be considered, and team members may be rotated on or off the team. The attitude you take at this point in the developmental process is more conservative than at any other time. Correct

Question

(TCO B) One of the difficult decisions a systems analyst has to make when it comes to software is whether to recommend making, buying, or outsourcing software for information systems projects. What are the advantages of purchasing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software? What are the disadvantages of this approach?

The advantages of creating custom software (COTS) is: Specific response to specialized business needs • Innovation may give firm a competitive advantage • In-house staff available to maintain software • Pride of ownership The disadvantages of creating custom software (COTS) is: • May be significantly higher initial cost compared to COTS software or ASP • Necessity of hiring or working with a development team • Ongoing maintenance Correct
The use of JAD is ideal when the following may occur with a project/program: • User groups are restless and want something new, not a standard solution to a typical problem.2. • The organizational culture supports joint problem-solving behaviors among multiple levels of employees. • Analysts forecast that the number of ideas generated via one-on-one interviews will not be as plentiful as the number of ideas possible from an extended group exercise. • Organizational workflow permits the absence of key personnel during a two- to four-day block of time. An example in which JAD would ideally be used is when a video game developing company is planning to release and develop a new game. The selection of team members would vary in the company from analysts, users, executives, and more. There will be technical experts from other functions that are able to provide input and a different perspective to the team of key members during JAD session(s). Throughout this process of developing a new game the JAD process will allow the team to plan, receive, receipt processing/tracking, monitoring and assigning, processing, recording, sending, and finally evaluating the life cycle of the project (video game release). Correct

Question

(TCOs G and H) List and describe the four major guidelines an analyst should use to set up training for a new system.

The analyst has four major guidelines for setting up training. They are: 1. Establishing measurable objectives 2. Using appropriate training methods 3. Selecting suitable training sites 4. Employing understandable training materials Establishing measurable objectives begs the question who is being trained in the training objectives? Additionally training objectives for each group must be spelled out clearly. Well- defined objectives are of enormous help in letting trainees know what is expected of them. In addition, objectives allow evaluation of training when it is complete. Using appropriate training methods requires each user and operator in the team will need slightly different training. To some extent, their jobs determine what they need to know, and their personalities, experience, and backgrounds determine how they learn best. Some users learn best by seeing, others by hearing, and still others by doing. Selecting suitable training sites takes place in many different locations, some of which are more conducive to learning than others. Large computer vendors provide special off-site locations at which operable equipment is maintained free of charge. Their trainers offer hands-on experience as well as seminars in settings that allow users to concentrate on learning the new system. Employing understandable training materials requires planning for the training of users, systems analysts and must realize the importance of well-prepared training materials. These materials include training manuals; training cases, in which users are assigned to work through a case that incorporates most of the commonly encountered interactions with the system; and prototypes and mock-ups of output. Users of larger systems will sometimes be able to train on elaborate Web-based simulations or software that is identical to what is being written or purchased. Correct
1. Establish measurable objectives: defining good objectives will let the trainees know what is being expected from them, and it allow to evaluate the training when it is complete. 2. Using appropriate training methods: because each individual has different way to be trained depending on their experience, the work developed and other background, the best way is to use a combination of methods, including the demonstration of the equipment and exposure it on the training manual. 3. Select suitable training sites: the training take place on different locations like on-site where the user has the advantage of see and practice with the equipment fully operational, and off-site where the trainees go to hotels or other places choose by the vendor to give the training. 4. Employ understandable training materials: the user's understanding of the new system depends on the training material and how it clearly written using a understandable language. The training material has to be easy and accessible for anyone who need it. MIS581 Correct

Explaination

Establishing measurable objectives, using appropriate training methods, selecting suitable training sites, employing understandable training materials (Chapter 16, page 482)

Question

(TCOs G and H) What are seven essential items that the analyst should include in performing a website traffic analysis?

The seven essential items are described next: 1. Know how often your client’s website is visited. The number of hits a website had in the past few days, the number of visitor sessions, and the number of pages visited are a few of the general things you need to know. 2. Learn details about specific pages on the site. It is possible to get statistics on the most requested pages, most requested topics, top paths a visitor takes through the client’s website, or even the most downloaded files. If the website is a commercial one, shopping cart reports can show how many visitors were converted into buyers and how many abandoned their carts or failed to complete the 3. Find out more about the website’s visitors. Visitor demographics and information such as the number of visits by a particular visitor in a period of time, whether the visitor is a new or a returning one, and who the top visitors are—all are valuable information when evaluating a website. 4. Discover whether visitors can properly fill out the forms you designed. If the error rate is high, redesign the form and see what happens. Analysis of the statistics will reveal whether bad form design was to blame for errors in response. 5. Find out who is referring website visitors to the client’s site. Find out which sites are responsible for referring visitors to the client’s website. Get statistics on the top referring site, the top search engines leading to the site, and the keywords visitors used to locate your client’s website. After promoting a site, you can use Web traffic analysis to track whether the site promotion really made a difference. 6. Determine what browsers visitors are using. By knowing what browsers are being used, you can add browser-specific features that improve the look and feel of the site and encourage visitors to stay longer, thereby improving the stickiness of the site. It helps to know whether visitors are using current or outdated browsers. 7. Find out whether the client’s website visitors are interested in advertising. Finally, find out whether visitors to the site are interested in the ad campaigns you have on your site, such as offering a product on sale for a specific period. Correct
- Know how often your client's Web site is visited. - Learn details about specific pages on the site. - Find out more about the Web site's visitors. - Discover if visitors can properly fill out the forms you designed. - Find out who is referring Web site visitors to the client's site. - Determine what browsers visitors are using. - Find out if the client's Web site visitors are interested in advertising. Correct

Explaination

Know how often your client's website is visited. Learn details about specific pages on the site. Find out more about the website's visitors. Discover if visitors can properly fill out the forms you designed. Find out who is referring website visitors to the client's site. Determine what browsers visitors are using. Find out if the client's website visitors are interested in advertising. (Chapter 16, page 492)

Question

(TCO F) List five of the seven design guidelines for a web-based fill-in form.

The seven design guidelines for a web-based fill-in form are as followed: 1.Provide clear instructions. 2. Demonstrate a logical entry sequence for fill-in forms. 3. Use a variety of text boxes, push buttons, drop-down menus, check boxes, and radio buttons. 4. Provide a scrolling text box if you are uncertain about how much space users will need to respond to a question. 5. Prepare two basic buttons on every Web fill-in form: Submit and Clear Form. 6. If the form is lengthy and the users must scroll extensively, divide the form into several simpler forms on separate pages. 7. Create a feedback screen that highlights errors in an appropriate color and refuses submission of the form until mandatory fields are correctly filled in. Correct
1.- Provide clear instructions because the web users may be not familiar with the technical terminology. 2.- Demonstrate a logical entry sequence for fill-in forms because sometimes the users may need to scroll down to a region that is not visible at first. 3.- Use a variety of text boxes, push buttons, drop-down menus, check boxes, and radio buttons. 4.- Provide a scrolling text box if you are uncertain about how much space users will need to respond to a question. 5.- Prepare two basic buttons on every Web fill-in form: Submit and Clear Form. 6.- If the form is lengthy and the users must scroll extensively, divide the form into several simpler forms on separate pages. 7.- Create a feedback screen that highlights errors in an appropriate color and refuses submission of the form until mandatory fields are correctly filled in. MIS581 Correct

Explaination

Provide clear instructions. Demonstrate a logical entry sequence for fill-in forms. Use a variety of text boxes, push buttons, drop-down menus, check boxes, and radio buttons. Provide a scrolling text box if you are uncertain about how much space users will need to respond to a question. Prepare two basic buttons on every web fill-in form: submit and clear form. If the form is lengthy and the users must scroll extensively, divide the form into several simpler forms on separate pages. Create a feedback screen that highlights errors in an appropriate color and refuses submission of the form until mandatory fields are correctly filled in. (Chapter 12, page 353)

Question

(TCO A) List and describe four of the seven phases of the systems development life cycle.

Four of the seven phases of the SDLC are: Planning: the planning phase invoMIS581e the determination of a solid plan for the developing of the information system., and where the project manager is a planning project's expert who manage, define and develop the project plan and tracks the plan in order to ensure that the project milestones are complete on time. Analysis: the analysis phase of the SDLC invoMIS581es end users and IT specialists working together to gather, understand, and document the business requirements for the system proposed. The primary activity of this phase is to gather business requirements and the detailed set of knowledge of the worker requests in order the system can meet the requirements successfully. Design: the primary goal of the design phase is to create a technical blueprint of how the proposed system will work, where the project manager shows their point of view of the changes from the business perspective to the technical perspective. In this phase also is defined the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment to run the system, and the modeling of the system drawing a graphical representation of the design. Development: in this phase of the SDLC, the system is develop based on detailed design documents from the design phase and transform them into an actual system. The system builds the technical architecture by setting up the technical architecture designed during the design phase. After the databases are created and any necessary software programs are written. Correct

Explaination

Students should list and describe any four of the seven systems phases of systems development life cycles, like identifying problems, opportunities, and objectives, determining human information requirements, analyzing system needs, designing the recommended system, developing and documenting software, testing and maintaining the system, and implementing and evaluating the system. (Chapter 1, page 4)

Question

List five of the eight ways to minimize user action when keying in data.

1.- Key codes, such as airport codes when making a flight reservation, instead of whole words on entry screens. Codes are also keyed when using a command-language interface. 2.- Enter only data that are not already stored on files. 3.- Supply the editing characters. The users should not have to enter formatting characters such as leading zeros or commas when entering a numeric values. 4.- Use of default values for fields on entry screens. Defaults are used when a user enter the same value in a screen field for the majority of the records. 5.- Design an inquiry program so that the user needs to enter only the first few characters of a name or item description. 6.- Provide keystrokes for selecting pull-down menu options. 7.- Use radio buttons and drop-down lists to control displays of new Web pages or to change Web forms. 8.- Provide cursor control for Web forms and other displays so that the cursor moves to the next field when the right number of characters has been entered. Correct

Explaination

Key codes, such as airport codes when making a flight reservation, instead of whole words on entry screens. Enter only data that are not already stored on files. Supply the editing characters (for example, slashes as date field separators). Use default values for fields on entry screens. Design an inquiry (or change or delete) program so that the user needs to enter only the first few characters of a name or item description. Provide keystrokes for selecting pull-down menu options. Use radio buttons and drop-down lists to control displays of new web pages or to change web forms. Provide cursor control for web forms and other displays so that the cursor moves to the next field when the right number of characters has been entered. (Chapter 14, page 413)

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MIS 581 Week 8 Final Exam

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