NURS 6501 Week 6 Midterm

Questions List
 
01. Question: When endothelial cells are injured, what alteration contributes to atherosclerosis? View Answer
02. Question: A patient has been diagnosed with an empyema. What does the healthcare professional tell the patient about this condition? View Answer
03. Question: A patient has been admitted for a possible small intestinal obstruction. What is the first sign the healthcare professional assesses for that would indicate the presence of this condition? View Answer
04. Question: Autocrine stimulation is the ability of cancer cells to do what? View Answer
05. Question: A patient had a myocardial infarction that damaged the SA node, which is no longer functioning as the pacemaker of the heart. What heart rate would the healthcare provider expect the patient to have? View Answer
06. Question: Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen? View Answer
07. Question: In teaching a women's community group, which risk factor does the healthcare professional teach is related to high morbidity of cancer of the colon, uterus, and kidney? View Answer
08. Question: A student asks the healthcare professional to describe exotoxins. Which statement by the professional is best? View Answer
09. Question: A student studying biology asks the professor to describe how the ras gene is involved in cancer proliferation. What explanation by the professor is best? View Answer
10. Question: A healthcare professional cares for older adults in a skilled nursing facility. What should the professional assess for in these individuals related to cardiovascular functioning? View Answer
11. Question: A healthcare professional is educating a patient on asthma. The professional tells the patient that the most successful treatment for chronic asthma begins with which action? View Answer
12. Question: A healthcare professional is conducting community education on vaccinations. Which statement about vaccines does the professional include in the presentation? View Answer
13. Question: Renal failure is the most common cause of which type of hyperparathyroidism? View Answer
14. Question: Which renal change is found in older adults? View Answer
15. Question: What is the single most common cause of cellular injury? View Answer
16. Question: What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps? View Answer
17. Question: In regulating vascular mediators released from mast cells, the role of eosinophils is to release what? View Answer
18. Question: A patient in the clinic reports projectile vomiting without nausea or other gastrointestinal symptoms. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? View Answer
19. Question: What does vomiting-induced metabolic alkalosis cause? View Answer
20. Question: A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory values: arterial pH 7.20; serum glucose 500 mg/dL; positive urine glucose and ketones; serum potassium (K +) 2 mEq/L; serum sodium (Na +) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports that he has been sick with the flu for 1 week. What relationship do these values have to his insulin deficiency? View Answer
21. Question: A student asks the professor how a faulty negative-feedback mechanism results in a hormonal imbalance. What response by the professor is best? View Answer
22. Question: The acute inflammatory response is characterized by fever that is produced by the hypothalamus being affected by what? View Answer
23. Question: A student asks the professor to differentiate Type 2 diabetes mellitus from Type 1. The professors' response would be that Type 2 is best described as what? View Answer
24. Question: A student asks about the mechanism that results in type II hypersensitivity reactions. What description by the professor is best? View Answer
25. Question: A healthcare professional is educating a patient about asthma. The professional states that good control is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process? View Answer
26. Question: What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora? View Answer
27. Question: An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident? View Answer
28. Question: Oxygenated blood flows through which vessel? View Answer
29. Question: A patient is having an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. What action by the healthcare professional is best? View Answer
30. Question: Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system? View Answer
31. Question: A patient's chart indicates Kussmaul respirations. The student asks the healthcare professional what this is caused by. What response by the professional is most accurate? View Answer
32. Question: A patient asks the healthcare professional why tissue damage occurs in acute rejection after organ transplantation. What response by the professional is best? View Answer
33. Question: A patient asks the healthcare professional to describe the cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What response by the professional is best? View Answer
34. Question: What is the inflammatory effect of nitric oxide (NO)? View Answer
35. Question: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient undergoing chemotherapy. What is the skin-related health risk the professional should assess the patient for and be prepared to treat? View Answer
36. Question: Which chamber of the heart endures the highest pressures? View Answer
37. Question: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has continuous increases in left ventricular filing pressures. What disorder would the professional assess the patient for? View Answer
38. Question: A healthcare professional is assessing a child whose parents report poor grades in school, trouble paying attention, and naughty behaviors that have become so frequent the child is always in trouble. For which health condition should the professional facilitate testing? View Answer
39. Question: It has been determined that a patient's tumor is in stage 2. How does the healthcare professional describe this finding to the patient? View Answer
40. Question: A professor has taught the students about the pathogenesis of abdominal pain. Which statement by a student indicates the professor needs to review the material? View Answer
41. Question: A patient has a peptic ulcer related to h. pylori bacteria. What treatment does the healthcare professional educate the patient on? View Answer
42. Question: What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with a drug such as atropine? View Answer
43. Question: A student is preparing to irrigate a patient's wound and gathers supplies, including hydrogen peroxide. What response by the health care professional is best? View Answer
44. Question: Which cardiac chambers have the thinnest wall and why? View Answer
45. Question: Free radicals play a major role in the initiation and progression of which diseases? View Answer
46. Question: A student asks why carbon monoxide causes tissue damage. What response by the professor is best? View Answer
47. Question: The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to which factor? View Answer
48. Question: What is one function of the tumor cell marker? View Answer
49. Question: A patient has a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 30mmHg. What assessment finding by the healthcare professional would be most consistent with this reading? View Answer
50. Question: A patient is in severe shock and is receiving vasopressin. A student asks the health care professional to explain the rationale for this treatment. What response by the professional is most accurate? View Answer
51. Question: What are blood pressure variations associated with? View Answer
52. Question: A person wants to know if eating only plant-based foods is advisable as a way to cut cholesterol to near-zero levels. What response by the health care professional is best? View Answer
53. Question: A student asks why some vaccinations are given orally and some are given by injection. What response by the professor is best? View Answer
54. Question: A healthcare professional is working with a person who drinks several 6-packs of beer a week. What testing does the professional encourage the person to get? View Answer
55. Question: Within a physiologic range, what does an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (preload) result in? View Answer
56. Question: People diagnosed with neurofibromatosis have varying degrees of the condition because of which genetic principle? View Answer
57. Question: The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept? View Answer
58. Question: A person has hypothyroidism. What chemical does the healthcare professional advise the person to include in the diet? View Answer
59. Question: A patient has been diagnosed with a renal stone. Based on knowledge of common stone types, what self-care measure does the healthcare professional plan to teach the patient when stone analysis has returned? View Answer
60. Question: A professor has taught a student about skeletal alterations seen in chronic kidney disease. Which statement by the student indicates the professor needs to give more information? View Answer
61. Question: What pathologic change occurs to the kidney's glomeruli as a result of hypertension? View Answer
62. Question: A professor has taught the students about the sources of increased ammonia in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. What statement by a student indicates the professor should review this material? View Answer
63. Question: What physical sign does the healthcare professional relate to the result of turbulent blood flow through a vessel? View Answer
64. Question: A class of students has learned about contributing factors to duodenal ulcers. What statement indicates to the professor that the students need a review? View Answer
65. Question: The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate the production of which cells? View Answer
66. Question: What part of the kidney controls renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and renin secretion? View Answer
67. Question: A patient has been diagnosed with primary emphysema but claims there is no history of smoking. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? View Answer
68. Question: The student asks the professor to explain what characteristic is demonstrated by lungs with decreased compliance? View Answer
69. Question: The student wants information about a patient's renal function. What test does the healthcare professional tell the student to evaluate? View Answer
70. Question: Which hormone is required for water to be reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting duct? View Answer
71. Question: When comparing the clinical manifestations of both diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS), which condition is associated with only DKA? View Answer
72. Question: A patient had a thyroidectomy and now reports tingling around the mouth and has a positive Chvostek sign. What laboratory finding would be most helpful to the healthcare professional? View Answer
73. Question: A parent wants to know how to prevent type 1 diabetes in the newborn. The healthcare professional explains that prevention is not possible, because which of these is a major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus? View Answer
74. Question: A student asks the healthcare professional to explain the function of the papillary muscles. What response by the professional is best? View Answer
75. Question: The Bainbridge reflex is thought to be initiated by sensory neurons in which cardiac location? View Answer
76. Question: A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient does the professional assess for neurogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)? View Answer
77. Question: A patient suffered multiple traumatic injuries and received many blood transfusions within a few days of the injuries. For which medical condition should the healthcare professional monitor the patient for? View Answer
78. Question: A patient has portal hypertension-induced splenomegaly. Which lab value would the healthcare professional associate with this condition? View Answer
79. Question: A healthcare professional tells a student that a patient has lost atrial kick. What would the student expect to see when examining this patient? View Answer
80. Question: Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response? View Answer
81. Question: Why is leakage of lysosomal enzymes during chemical injuries significant? View Answer
82. Question: A healthcare provider notes that tapping the patient's facial nerve leads to lip twitching. What electrolyte value is correlated with this finding? View Answer
83. Question: What are tumor cell markers? View Answer
84. Question: A Rh-negative woman gave birth to a Rh-positive baby. When discussing Rho[D] immunoglobulin with her, what information should the healthcare professional provide? View Answer
85. Question: If a patient develops acidosis, the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to react in which manner? View Answer
86. Question: What is the role of reverse transcriptase in HIV infection? View Answer
87. Question: During acidosis, the body compensates for the increase in serum hydrogen ions by shifting hydrogen ions into the cell in exchange for which electrolyte? View Answer
88. Question: A female patient has been diagnosed with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection. What self-care measure does the healthcare provider teach the patient that is specific to this type of infection? View Answer
89. Question: During the cardiac cycle, why do the aortic and pulmonic valves close after the ventricles relax? View Answer
90. Question: What is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous, having A and B alleles as codominant? View Answer
91. Question: Where is two thirds of the body's water found? View Answer
92. Question: The student asks the professor why water and electrolytes are transported in both directions through tight junctions and intercellular spaces rather than across cell membranes. What response by the professor is best? View Answer
93. Question: A healthcare professional is assessing a child who has complete trisomy of the twenty-first chromosome. What findings does the professional relate to this condition? View Answer
94. Question: A patient had a motor vehicle crash and suffered critical injuries to the brainstem. What physiological responses would the healthcare professional expect to see? View Answer
95. Question: How do free radicals cause cell damage? View Answer
96. Question: What is the only surface inside the nephron where cells are covered with microvilli to increase the reabsorptive surface area called? View Answer
97. Question: What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? View Answer
98. Question: After a partial gastrectomy, gastric bypass, or pyloroplasty, clinical manifestations that include increased pulse, hypotension, weakness, pallor, sweating, and dizziness are the results of which mechanism? View Answer
99. Question: A patient has a history of excessive use of magnesium-containing antacids and aluminum-containing antacids. What lab value does the healthcare professional correlate to this behavior? View Answer
100. Question: A patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe chest pain. The emergency department physician orders intravenous nitroglycerin 5 mcg/min, titrate dose by 5 mcg/min every 3 to 5 minutes per infusion pump as needed. Before administering the nitroglycerin, the nurse should prioritize which of the following assessments? View Answer
101. Question: When completing this exam, did you comply with Walden University’s Code of Conduct including the expectations for academic integrity? View Answer
102. Question: Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion, as well as decreases the release of gastrin? View Answer
103. Question: What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)? View Answer
104. Question: A patient is having a spirometry measurement done and asks the healthcare professional to explain this test. What response by the professional is best? View Answer
105. Question: Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell? View Answer
106. Question: Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for other signs of thyrotoxic crisis? View Answer
107. Question: A patient has a serum sodium level of 165 mEq/L. The healthcare professional explains that the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral hemorrhage, and coma are caused by what mechanism? View Answer
108. Question: How does progressive nephron injury affect angiotensin II activity? View Answer
109. Question: The healthcare professional explains to a student that the amount of volume of blood in the heart is directly related to the _____ of contraction. View Answer
110. Question: Phagocytosis involves neutrophils actively attacking, engulfing, and destroying which microorganisms? View Answer
111. Question: Which statement made by a student indicates the healthcare professional needs to describe the pericardium again? View Answer
112. Question: A student asks the professor to explain what effect natriuretic peptides have during heart failure when the heart dilates. Which response by the professor is best? View Answer
113. Question: Surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by which mechanism? View Answer
114. Question: What is the second most commonly recognized genetic cause of intellectual disability? View Answer
115. Question: The healthcare professional working with older adults teaches general infection-prevention measures as a priority for this age group due to which change in lymphocyte function? View Answer
116. Question: A healthcare professional wants to determine the adequacy of a person's alveolar ventilation. What assessment finding is most important for the professional to consider? View Answer
117. Question: Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone? View Answer
118. Question: What is the most important cause of pulmonary artery constriction? View Answer
119. Question: A student learns what information about acute pancreatitis? View Answer
120. Question: Which term is used to identify the movement of gas and air into and out of the lungs? View Answer
121. Question: The pathophysiologic process of edema is related to which mechanism? View Answer
122. Question: What is the cause of functional dysphagia? View Answer
123. Question: A person has acne, easy bruising, thin extremities, and truncal obesity. The healthcare professional assesses the person for which of these? View Answer
124. Question: Pressure in the left ventricle must exceed pressure in which structure before the left ventricle can eject blood? View Answer
125. Question: Which statement is true about phagocytosis? View Answer
126. Question: Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which structure? View Answer
127. Question: A patient has diabetes mellitus. A recent urinalysis showed increased amounts of protein. What therapy does the healthcare provider educate the patient that is specific to this disorder? View Answer
128. Question: During cell injury caused by hypoxia, why does an increase in the osmotic pressure within the cell occur? View Answer
129. Question: What mechanisms occur in the liver cells as a result of lipid accumulation? View Answer
130. Question: Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the antigen? View Answer
131. Question: The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node because of what reason? View Answer
132. Question: What is the process that ensures mitral and tricuspid valve closure after the ventricles are filled with blood? View Answer
133. Question: Vaccinations are able to provide protection against certain microorganisms because of what? View Answer
134. Question: A student asks the healthcare professional to explain the pathophysiologic process of alcoholic cirrhosis. What statement by the professional would not be consistent with complete knowledge about this process? View Answer
135. Question: What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis? View Answer
136. Question: A pregnant woman has Graves disease. What test/s does the healthcare professional advise the woman about? View Answer
137. Question: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has a delay in electrical activity reaching the ventricle as seen on ECG. What ECG finding would the healthcare professional associate with this problem? View Answer
138. Question: A patient in the hospital has hypernatremia. What condition should the healthcare professional assess for? View Answer
139. Question: A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient does the professional assess for pulmonary emboli (PE) as the priority? View Answer
140. Question: What is an expected change in the cardiovascular system that occurs with aging? View Answer
141. Question: A patient's urinalysis came back positive for glucose. What does the healthcare professional expect the patient's blood glucose to be at a minimum? View Answer
142. Question: The health care professional explains to a student that the amount of volume of blood in the heart is directly related to the of contraction. View Answer
143. Question: A healthcare professional tells the student that a properly placed endotracheal tube for mechanical ventilation is 5 to 7 cm above the tracheal bifurcation. Where does this bifurcation occur? View Answer
144. Question: Once they have penetrated the first line of defense, which microorganisms do natural killer (NK) cells actively attack? View Answer

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